The posting became always more important and became allied by the habitants of Rimini of whom defended the territory and exactly for that, in 1198, the castle of Longiano was nearly entirely destroyed, after that with the help of the habitants of Rimini with whom in 1199 was stipulated an oath of allegiance and of reciprocal help, the castle was reconstructed and fortified to that point that in 1216 the assailants of Cesena were rejected and then defeated on the near mountain of the defeat. Falling Rimini under the power of Malatesta, Longiano followed the same destiny and Giovanni, the son of Malatesta called “Lo Zoppo” (The Lame) was the first dynast of Longiano in 1290. In 1297 the habitants of Cesena, united with the ones of Forlì, Faenza and Imola set fire to the village of Longiano near the Gate of the Bridge that conserves the name of Burned Village, after that the Malatesta added new bastions and enlarged the fortress that can be seen until now, to a major fortification of the Castle. From the 1290 until the 1463 this castle was a property of the Malatesta, from 1463 to 1519 was of the Vatican and was governed by the vicars. In 1503 the troops of Cesare Borgia put the village to sack and burned the municipal archive because the comunity of Longiano refused the fidelity to the new Prince of Romagna. After 4 years of domain of the habitants of Venice (it remained as a testimony the basin of water in the court of the castle) Leone the 10th on september the 16th 1519 Longiano granted in endless feud to the Count Guido Rangone of Modena, already General Councillor of the King of France Francois 1st, during the wars against the Emperor Carlo 5th who was men of the arms, but also protector of the artists and the men of letters. In 1581 these territories returned in possess of the Vatican until the General Bonaparte in 1790 occupied with the french troops the Romagna and the land remained occupied until 1814. After the Unity of Italy in the years 1862- 1863 the inside of the castle was totally restructured proceeding to the pictorial decoration of the Arengo Hall and the adjacents by work of the painter Giovanni Canepa and Girolamo Bellani. On the ceiling of these halls are portraied famous personalities of the history of Longiano. During the last World War Longiano was the stronghold of the gothic line and suffered violent bombardments that producted serious damages, especially to the Sanctuary of the Crucifix and the historic library.